Summary2201394summaryThemeConcrete or steel?Neither material has a clear advantage. How-ever, the considerations made during thedesign process are very interesting.Concrete or steel? (pp. 4 - 10)The choice of material for a load-bearingstructure is an important decision in buildingdesign. Who makes that choice and whenand how the choice is made, all depends onthe situation. Deciding factors are function-ality, cost, durability, safety and culture.Commercial and industrial building: concreteor steel? (pp. 12 - 19)The choice between concrete and steel forload-bearing structures in commercial andindustrial building is primarily determinedby the type of construction element. Variouscriteria including financial considerationsplay a role in this.Material selection for bridges and viaducts(pp. 20 - 27)Various construction methods and materialscan be considered for the construction ofbridges and viaducts, materials such as con-crete, steel or reinforced concrete. The choiceis based on a number of factors, such asdesign, intended use, geometric precondi-tions, building site conditions, the client'sexperience, the contractor's experience andthe economy. The country's culture can alsoplay an important role.Design of a complex shell roof (pp. 28 - 32)The area around the railway station in Arn-hem is being drastically renovated. Construc-tion began recently on the most strikingpart: the central transfer hall itself. The com-plex curved shell roof was originallydesigned for concrete, but in the tenderingphase it was changed to steel. The project isdescribed in two Cement articles. This firstarticle contains an introduction and anexplanation of the original constructiondesign.Shipbuilding technology in Arnhem PublicTransport Terminal (pp. 34 - 41)One of the most challenging and complexbuildings currently under construction in theNetherlands is Arnhem Public Transport Ter-minal. Start of construction was preceded bya very interesting tender and preparationprocess. The project is described in twoCement articles. This second article discussesthe tender process, the alternatives studiedand the version ultimately selected: a shellroof built using shipbuilding technology. Thedifferences between concrete and steel werein this case weighed very carefully, rightdown to the fine details.Calculating with the `shadow price' saves 25%(pp. 42 - 47)As network operator, Enexis strives to createa sustainable society, so it makes sense thatthey wanted to build an energy-neutraldesign for their new accommodations inZwolle. This new regional office includes thenew construction of a three-storey office incombination with a company hall, which ispartially integrated into the office on the firstfloor. During the design process, there wasstrong emphasis placed on making smartuse of different building systems and build-ing materials to create the most sustainableconstructional solutions. Optimum flexibilitywas sought in the structural design withoutpreference for steel or concrete.Choosing by common sense (pp. 48 - 52)In 2007 the Fifty Two Degrees office towerwas added to the skyline of Nijmegen. Greatthought went into selecting the right build-ing method. Common sense ultimately ledto the selection of a hybrid support struc-ture. This was mainly determined by theweight of the structure, building speed, free-dom of layout and the bend in the facade.Box beam switched from steel to concrete(pp. 54 - 57)The redevelopment of the university com-plex on Roeterseiland in Amsterdamincludes the construction of a bridging struc-ture between building A and building C,across the Nieuwe Achtergracht. This struc-ture consists of a box beam that was origi-nally designed for solid sheet steel. The con-tractor made an alternative design in pre-stressed concrete.Heavy and light combined (pp. 58 - 64)Over the course of this year, a new coal/bio-mass-fired power station will be put intoservice on the Maasvlakte in Rotterdam. Animportant part of this power station is theservices building. After various options wereconsidered, concrete floors and centre postswere chosen, in combination with steelfacade columns and beams.Typical steel design switched to concrete(pp. 66 - 70)The finishing touches are now being put onthe new construction of a community schoolon Duurstedelaan in the Hoograven districtof Utrecht. The building will accommodatethree schools (Ari?nsschool, Da Costa Schooland De Hoge Raven), after-school child careand a`sport box'containing two gymnasia.After the tender process a number of chang-es were made to the building system, themost notable being the switch from steel toconcrete for the main supporting structureof the schools.Outside the themeRock-solid concrete (pp. 80 - 83)Five striking concrete buildings along Tim-melsjoch High Alpine Road in Tyrol informvisitors about the nature, history, culture,people and activities of the region. The PassMuseum, a building that looks like a boulderon the edge of a cliff, is located at the high-est point. Red-coloured concrete that looksaustere and rough on the outside houses amuseum that feels like an ice cave on theinside.Incinerator bottom ash future concreteaggregate (pp. 84 - 88)In the Netherlands, 1.5 million tons of bot-tom ash is formed annually in the incinera-tion of household waste. Careful processingmakes this bottom ash (IBA) suitable forapplication as an aggregate in concrete.Extensive concrete research has been usedas the foundation for technical regulation(CUR Recommendation 116) and qualityassurance (BRL 2507) development, whichguarantees responsible application of thematerial.MFA De Wielslag demonstrates the benefit ofgood collaboration (pp. 90 - 93)BIM, LEAN and Virtual Construction: all ofthese terms significantly influence the mod-ern-day building process. Really though, allof these terms mean the same thing: goodcollaboration. Sadly, this`collaboration'hasbeen forgotten in much of the buildingchain in the past decades. The project MFADe Wielslag demonstrates that collaborationpays off.If you would like a whole article fromCement translated, why not let usarrange it for you? Prices start from 100per page (actual price on request).We can supply either bare text or aprofessionally laid out article. For moreinformation please contact ?neas:0411 65 00 85, lezersservice@aeneas.nl.